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Mead: a Jug of Honey to a Clean Bottle

On this page: the must math · pitching · nutrients · racking · bottling

The must math

Mead is honey + water + yeast, and the math is one ratio: honey by weight sets the alcohol potential. A 1.12 kg (roughly 3 lb) honey in a 4 L batch reads about OG 1.110 — the 12% potential that made "mead = patience" a proverb. Weigh the honey, dissolve in less water, top to volume, then read OG with the hydrometer and write it down. That number is the batch's contract.

Honey (4 L batch)Reading OGWhat it wants to be
0.9 kg≈ 1.075Session mead, ~8–9%
1.35 kg≈ 1.110Standard mead, ~12–13%
1.8 kg≈ 1.135Sacking mead, 15%+ and long sleep

Pitching

Lalvin D71A/B or 71B-1122 are the friendly mead yeasts: rehydrate per packet, pitch at 18–22 °C, and seal with an airlock. The first read after pitch should show activity within a day or two — foam, then the airlock's count.

Nutrients, staggered

Yeasts fed once at pitch stall near the halfway gravity. The standard fix: staggered nutrient additions (a quarter of the total at pitch, then day 2, day 5, day 8) — yeast nutrient + energizer, dosed per the packet at the batch's scale. The app's mead calculator schedules the feedings off the OG so this never lives in memory.

Racking

  1. At FG (two matching readings ~3+ days apart), rack off the settling — siphon, not pour.
  2. Top with cool water or similar-gravity mead to minimize headspace; re-airlock.
  3. Clarify with time. Months, not days.

Bottling

Bottle still (plain, corks or flip-tops) or force-carbonate in swing-tops with a priming dose (honey ~17 g/L for a modest fizz). Label with the OG/FG pair — the gravity card decodes it at the bottle table. A clean mead at 8 months tastes like the promise the first hydrometer read made; that's why the log exists.